Does this help to keep track of people?
Charles Pierce = Mary Leary Edmond Hogan = Betty Collins
Charles Pierce = Mary Leary Edmond Hogan = Betty Collins
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Patrick Cooney = Ellen Pierce = Patrick Hogan = Julia Coughlan
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Patrick Cooney Ellen Hogan and Edward Hogan
So we saw that our Ellen Pierce married Patrick Cooney, and they had a son Patrick Cooney.
Ellen Pierce Cooney then marries Patrick Hogan, who had been married previously to Julia Coughlan.
Patrick Hogan and Julia Coughlan had two children - Ellen Hogan and 5 years later Edward Hogan.
Let's take a quick look at these two children - and let's start with Edward Hogan who was also known as Ned Hogan. We saw that he was born 5 January 1866 in Innishannon, County Cork. I don't know anything about his early years, but I know that he emigrated to America. So I tried to find him there.
I knew that Ned married Annie McSweeney so I started there.
I found the listing in the City of Cambridge Registry of Marriages on www.ancestry.com. It is entry #675 in volume 461 page 126. They are both 30 years old; they both live in Cambridge. Ned works as a laborer, and Annie is a domestic. Both were born in Ireland. His parents are Patrick Hogan and Julia Coughlin. Annie's parents are Dennis McSweeney and Nora McCarthy. This is the first marriage for both of them. John P. Kelly, clergyman of Cambridge, officiated on 8 September 1896. (I have a note that
Annie and her parents are from Lackaban, Donoughmore, Ireland.)
I tried to find the Church where Ned and Annie were married but had no luck - no address was given for Father Kelly. I imagine they would be married in the Church that Annie's relatives attended - if she had any in the local area. Or in the Church near where she worked. I could find no information about Father Kelly either.
I found out that there is a Catholic Church several blocks from Jefferson Street - Sacred Heart - maybe the Hogans attended this Church.
I found the following information on
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Church,_Rectory,_School_and_Convent_(Cambridge,_Massachusetts)
"The Sacred Heart Church, Rectory, School and Convent make up an historic Roman Catholic church complex at 6th and Thorndike Streets in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The church was built in the 1870s and 1880s to serve the parish first organized as the St. John the Evangelist Parish in 1842. The rectory was added in 1885, and the convent and school followed in 1902. The church is a Medieval Gothic structure designed by P. W. Ford. The complex occupies an entire city block and has been partly taken over for Cambridge city school administration.
I don't know when Ned Hogan emigrated to America, but I found him in the 1898 Cambridge City Directory on www.ancestry.com. Edward Hogan is a laborer with a house at 24 Jefferson Street.
I found out that there is a Catholic Church several blocks from Jefferson Street - Sacred Heart - maybe the Hogans attended this Church.
I found the following information on
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Church,_Rectory,_School_and_Convent_(Cambridge,_Massachusetts)
"The Sacred Heart Church, Rectory, School and Convent make up an historic Roman Catholic church complex at 6th and Thorndike Streets in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The church was built in the 1870s and 1880s to serve the parish first organized as the St. John the Evangelist Parish in 1842. The rectory was added in 1885, and the convent and school followed in 1902. The church is a Medieval Gothic structure designed by P. W. Ford. The complex occupies an entire city block and has been partly taken over for Cambridge city school administration.
The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982."
I don't know when Ned Hogan emigrated to America, but I found him in the 1898 Cambridge City Directory on www.ancestry.com. Edward Hogan is a laborer with a house at 24 Jefferson Street.
Jefferson Street was named after U.S. President Thomas Jefferson. Number 24 was a 2 storey house with a flat roof according to the Cambridge Historical Commission. It was near East Cambridge.
The Cambridge Historical Commission's website has a brief history of Cambridge with the following information.
"The devastating potato blight that struck Ireland in 1845 caused many of that country's rural population to flee. Thousands landed in Boston and Cambridge, destitute and without resources. Many Irish immigrants worked in the clay pits and brickyards of North Cambridge, housed in crowded workers' cottages. The majority of the city's Irish lived in East Cambridge, laboring at unskilled jobs in the glass works and furniture factories. They developed a close-knit community, centered on and supported by the Catholic church. By 1855, twenty-two percent of the adults in East Cambridge were Irish-born."
So I guess Ned Hogan was one of those laborers.
When I was looking in www.familysearch.org for the marriage certificate for Ned and Annie, I found a couple of birth listings.
In the 1898 City of Cambridge Register of Births, there is a Patrick F. Hogan born on August 20 to Edward Hogan and Annie McSweeney of 24 Jefferson Street in Cambridge. The father is a laborer. Both parents were born in Ireland.
1900 brings us infant Annie McSweeney who is born on March 19. Line 2290 on page 367 lists the parents as still living at 24 Jefferson Street.
But the same day a death certificate is issued for an unnamed female Hogan. Page 368 line 440 in the Deaths Register in the City of Cambridge for the year 1900 lists a stillborn child born 19 March at 24 Jefferson Street to Edward Hogan and Annie McSweeney. The child was buried in Holy Cross Cemetery, Malden. How sad for the young family.
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=pis&PIcrid=91108&PIpi=1266512&PIMode=cemetery
But a year later there is a happy news. Elena Hogan is born April 27, 1901. The family is still on Jefferson Street, and Ned is still working as a laborer.
In 1904 there is a listing on Page 369 Line 2292 for a female Hogan born 17 January to Edward and Annie who are still at 24 Jefferson Street.
There is more sad news in 1905 in the Return of a Death in the City of Cambridge page 246. A little boy is born on 24 Jefferson Street on June 21 to Ned and Annie, but this infant only lives for 5 minutes. Imagine the poor parents.
The cause of death sounds unusual - "suspended animation" - I wonder if it used because the cause of death wasn't known? Dr. John F. Fair signed the death certificate - I wonder if he was there for the birth and death? His address is 390 Cambridge Street in Cambridge. It was Ned who gave him the "statistical" information.
The baby was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery - with his sister I imagine. The undertaker was George H Kelley of 450 Cambridge Street in Cambridge - according to one listing, he was the son of undertaker Joseph J. Kelley. The following is his listing in the Cambridge Directory for 1905.
When I was searching the 1905 Cambridge Directory, I found an ad for the undertakers.
So we have seen Patrick Francis Hogan, Elena Hogan, and a baby girl were born to Ned and Annie, while baby Annie and a baby son died.
Although we know the Hogans were in Cambridge on Jefferson Street in 1900, I wasn't able to find them in the U.S. Census. But they were listed in the Cambridge Directory for 1900.
The family continues at the same address through the 1910 U.S. Census that I found on www.ancestry.com. This was the 13th census of the United States. Maurice O'Mahoney conducted it in Precinct 1 on 26 April.
24 Jefferson Street was the 175th dwelling visited, and the Hogans were the 346th family. We saw that it was a 2 family house - the Hogans live there, and the Haley family lives there also.
Edward is the 44 year old head of the family. He and his parents were born in Ireland - they all speak English. He immigrated in 1891 and is an alien - he has not applied for citizenship - he would be listed as PA (papers filed) if he had. He is working as a laborer in a factory - he was not out of work in 1909 and was not out of work sometime in April - I can't make out the date. Ned is not able to read or write. They do not own the house - they are renting.
Annie is 42 years old. They have been married for 13 years - the first marriage for each of them. Annie had 6 children - only 3 are alive now. She and her parents are listed as born in Ireland and speaking English. She immigrated in 1892. She reads and writes English.
The children listed are Julia N who is 12, Francis who is 11, and Lena who is 8. The children were all born in Massachusetts, all speak English, and all attend school. Julia and Francis can read and write English. I've found no birth certificate for Julia who is the oldest child and must have been born before 1898. And now I am wondering what happened to that baby girl born in 1904! I suppose Patrick F. born in 1898 is this Francis listed in the census.
The Hogans have a lodger which was not an uncommon practice in that time - rent out a bedroom to help pay the rent or help save some money. James Gibbons is a 64 year old widower. He was born in Ireland and immigrated in 1884 - but he has his citizenship. He is a hostler at a private stable, but he was out of work for 12 weeks in 1909. He is able to read and write.
The cause of death sounds unusual - "suspended animation" - I wonder if it used because the cause of death wasn't known? Dr. John F. Fair signed the death certificate - I wonder if he was there for the birth and death? His address is 390 Cambridge Street in Cambridge. It was Ned who gave him the "statistical" information.
The baby was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery - with his sister I imagine. The undertaker was George H Kelley of 450 Cambridge Street in Cambridge - according to one listing, he was the son of undertaker Joseph J. Kelley. The following is his listing in the Cambridge Directory for 1905.
When I was searching the 1905 Cambridge Directory, I found an ad for the undertakers.
So we have seen Patrick Francis Hogan, Elena Hogan, and a baby girl were born to Ned and Annie, while baby Annie and a baby son died.
Although we know the Hogans were in Cambridge on Jefferson Street in 1900, I wasn't able to find them in the U.S. Census. But they were listed in the Cambridge Directory for 1900.
The family continues at the same address through the 1910 U.S. Census that I found on www.ancestry.com. This was the 13th census of the United States. Maurice O'Mahoney conducted it in Precinct 1 on 26 April.
24 Jefferson Street was the 175th dwelling visited, and the Hogans were the 346th family. We saw that it was a 2 family house - the Hogans live there, and the Haley family lives there also.
Edward is the 44 year old head of the family. He and his parents were born in Ireland - they all speak English. He immigrated in 1891 and is an alien - he has not applied for citizenship - he would be listed as PA (papers filed) if he had. He is working as a laborer in a factory - he was not out of work in 1909 and was not out of work sometime in April - I can't make out the date. Ned is not able to read or write. They do not own the house - they are renting.
Annie is 42 years old. They have been married for 13 years - the first marriage for each of them. Annie had 6 children - only 3 are alive now. She and her parents are listed as born in Ireland and speaking English. She immigrated in 1892. She reads and writes English.
The children listed are Julia N who is 12, Francis who is 11, and Lena who is 8. The children were all born in Massachusetts, all speak English, and all attend school. Julia and Francis can read and write English. I've found no birth certificate for Julia who is the oldest child and must have been born before 1898. And now I am wondering what happened to that baby girl born in 1904! I suppose Patrick F. born in 1898 is this Francis listed in the census.
The Hogans have a lodger which was not an uncommon practice in that time - rent out a bedroom to help pay the rent or help save some money. James Gibbons is a 64 year old widower. He was born in Ireland and immigrated in 1884 - but he has his citizenship. He is a hostler at a private stable, but he was out of work for 12 weeks in 1909. He is able to read and write.
Sometime between 1911 and 1912 our Hogan family moves to 729 Cambridge Street in East Cambridge. Ned is still a laborer.
According to the Cambridge Historical Commission, 727-731 Cambridge Street was a 3 storey house and store built in 1869 and razed in 1975.
I found a WWI draft registration for Patrick Francis Hogan. He is serial number 198 and order number 1415. His address is 729 Cambridge Street, Cambridge. He turned 20 on August 20 - he was born in 1898. He is white and native born. He is a printer (pressman) at Library Bureau located at 224 Albany Street, Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts.
His nearest relative is Mrs. Annie Hogan (mother) at the same address. The form is signed by Patrick Francis Hogan.
Page 2 of the Registrant Report has 20-55-C at the top. The description of Patrick Francis is that he is tall with a medium build - he has blue eyes and black hair. He has no reason to be physically disqualified. Date of registration is September 12, 1918 and the registrar is James G Shuck….? Local Board Division No.1, Cambridge, Mass - Middlesex County Court House.
I didn't find a WWI draft registration for Ned - he was probably too old.
The Library Bureau at 224 Albany Street was in a building that formerly housed an organ manufacturing company.
The MIT website, http://wh.mit.edu/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=104&Itemid=110, tells us that:
"Melvil Dewey, inventor of the Dewey Decimal System, founded the Library Bureau company in 1876. It grew to a large international business, and by 1909 the company had 60,000 customers, ten factories, and branches in Europe. A card and wood-working factory in Boston, and a similar one in Chicago to supply the western business, were united this year (1910) under one roof in a spacious plant at 224 Albany Street, Cambridge. A building adjacent to the factory, 230 Albany Street, was constructed as the headquarters of Library Bureau in 1918. In 1925 the company was bought by Remington Rand. At this time the factory at 224 Albany Street employed 450 men and women.
In 1919 Francis Hogan is part of the work force as a "helper."
Our family is still at 729 Cambridge Street in the U.S. Census for 1920. A Polish couple own the building and rent out 3 apartments. Frank and Mary Ciborowski are naturalized citizens and are storekeepers. Frank is 55 and Mary is 42 - he immigrated in 1894, she in 1897 - they were naturalized in 1899.
The Hogans are renting one apartment. Ned and Annie are both 52 years old. They are still listed as aliens - meaning Ned has not taken out papers for citizenship. He is working in a sugar refinery.
Their 3 children are living with them. 22 year old Julia Hogan is a shoemaker in a rubber factory. 21 year old Francis is a printer at the Library bureau. Lena is 18 and a stenographer in a law firm - that sounds like a good job for someone so young!
63 year old widower Danial Calahan is boarding with the Hogans and works packing wool. He is from Ireland - he is a naturalized citizen.
According to the Cambridge Historical Commission, 727-731 Cambridge Street was a 3 storey house and store built in 1869 and razed in 1975.
I found a WWI draft registration for Patrick Francis Hogan. He is serial number 198 and order number 1415. His address is 729 Cambridge Street, Cambridge. He turned 20 on August 20 - he was born in 1898. He is white and native born. He is a printer (pressman) at Library Bureau located at 224 Albany Street, Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts.
His nearest relative is Mrs. Annie Hogan (mother) at the same address. The form is signed by Patrick Francis Hogan.
Page 2 of the Registrant Report has 20-55-C at the top. The description of Patrick Francis is that he is tall with a medium build - he has blue eyes and black hair. He has no reason to be physically disqualified. Date of registration is September 12, 1918 and the registrar is James G Shuck….? Local Board Division No.1, Cambridge, Mass - Middlesex County Court House.
I didn't find a WWI draft registration for Ned - he was probably too old.
The Library Bureau at 224 Albany Street was in a building that formerly housed an organ manufacturing company.
The MIT website, http://wh.mit.edu/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=104&Itemid=110, tells us that:
"Melvil Dewey, inventor of the Dewey Decimal System, founded the Library Bureau company in 1876. It grew to a large international business, and by 1909 the company had 60,000 customers, ten factories, and branches in Europe. A card and wood-working factory in Boston, and a similar one in Chicago to supply the western business, were united this year (1910) under one roof in a spacious plant at 224 Albany Street, Cambridge. A building adjacent to the factory, 230 Albany Street, was constructed as the headquarters of Library Bureau in 1918. In 1925 the company was bought by Remington Rand. At this time the factory at 224 Albany Street employed 450 men and women.
"At the close of World War II, the Air Force wanted to ensure that wartime radar research conducted at MIT, Harvard,and Boston University continued. The USAF bought 224 Albany Street and on 25 September 1945 the building was designated as the headquarters of the Cambridge Field Station (later renamed the Air Force Cambridge Research Center). In a report to the White House it was stated the lab was regarded as probably the best of the military laboratories. Among the important work performed here was the initiation of the SAGE project, an automated system for tracking enemy bombers entering US airspace ...
"The building continued to be a center for high tech research, as by 1961 it was occupied by the MIT Instrumentation Lab. As leaders in the field, the I Lab was contracted to build the Apollo navigation system. The building, which had already been involved in SAGE and the Manhattan Project, was now once again part of one of the United States' most important technological endeavors.
"Since 2001 the building at 224 Albany Street has been home to a total of over one thousand first-year MIT graduate students."
In 1919 Francis Hogan is part of the work force as a "helper."
Our family is still at 729 Cambridge Street in the U.S. Census for 1920. A Polish couple own the building and rent out 3 apartments. Frank and Mary Ciborowski are naturalized citizens and are storekeepers. Frank is 55 and Mary is 42 - he immigrated in 1894, she in 1897 - they were naturalized in 1899.
The Hogans are renting one apartment. Ned and Annie are both 52 years old. They are still listed as aliens - meaning Ned has not taken out papers for citizenship. He is working in a sugar refinery.
Their 3 children are living with them. 22 year old Julia Hogan is a shoemaker in a rubber factory. 21 year old Francis is a printer at the Library bureau. Lena is 18 and a stenographer in a law firm - that sounds like a good job for someone so young!
63 year old widower Danial Calahan is boarding with the Hogans and works packing wool. He is from Ireland - he is a naturalized citizen.
The Cambridge Historical Society has the following information on it website at: cambridgehistory.org/discover/industry/
"fifty years ago in Cambridge, candy was king. Main Street was once affectionately called Confectioner’s Row, and the companies here made products that are still known and loved today: Junior Mints, Charleston Chews, Sugar Daddies, and NECCO wafers.
The area’s confectionery past begins way back in 1765 when an Irish immigrant named John Hannon established America’s first chocolate mill on the banks of the Neponset River in Dorchester. Soon after, candy companies started as roadside operations: the proximity of the chocolate mill, plus nearby sugar refineries and a large city population made the area ideal for the new industry. Soon, companies Royal, Cole, Haviland and Liberty made chocolate in Boston, and to the east in Charlestown was the boxed-chocolate giant Schrafft’s.
Then, with the introduction of the steam engine, local companies began producing the first candy-making machines. In 1847, Oliver R. Chase made a lozenge cutting machine and began to produce the wafers later known as NECCOs. Successful confectioners soon outgrew their Boston factories and decided to expand production in Cambridge, where more land could be bought for less money.
For the next 100 years, Cambridge was a major industrial center and candy making was one of its largest industries. In 1910 there were 16 confectionery manufacturers listed in the city, by 1920 the number was 30, and by 1930 there were more than 40. At its peak in 1946 there were 66 candy manufacturing companies listed in the city’s directory.
The beginning of the end for Cambridge candy came with the rise of the big national candy conglomerates, namely Hershey’s, Nestle and Mars. These companies understood that distribution had changed. You had to get involved with the big chains, and you had to be more centrally located, where you could ship everywhere. Success in the industry became less about who was producing the best candy and more about who could get to market first. Independent confectioners were hard pressed to match the conglomerates’ distribution levels, national marketing efforts, and slotting fees, which is the price companies pay to have their candies front and center of the register at the grocery store."
By 1921 the family has moved to 37 Royal Avenue, and the whole family is listed in the Cambridge Directory. They seem to be in the same jobs.
According to the Cambridge Historical Commision, 37 Royal Avenue is a 3 storey triple decker built in 1904 - James F. Reilly was listed as builder and owner. In 1930 Ned pulled a permit to build a garage.
Here is a photo of the 2 family house at 31-33 Royal Avenue - there is no #35 - so I wonder if that is Ned's triple decker on the right?
The whole family is listed in 1923 again. Edward (Annie) is a laborer, Francis is a printer, Julia is a rubber worker, and Lena is a stenographer.
But 1925 only lists Edward - Annie and the children are not included. What happened to them? There is no directory for 1924 online. I'll have to check at the Cambridge Public Library.
The 1930 U.S. Census shows us that the Hogans have saved and bought their home at 37 Royal Avenue. Maybe they had bought it when they moved in 1921. Ned is 62 and still working at the sugar refinery. The house is worth $8000, and they are well enough off to have a radio. Ned has become a United States citizen. He is also a widower - so Annie must have died about 1924-1925 when she was not listed in the Cambridge Directory.
Francis or Patrick F. is single and is teaching in a public school.
28 year old Lena is still a stenographer - looks like in a (?) purchasing or plumbing office. She and Francis are both single.
And look - Julia has married John McLaughlin - he is a 34 year old chauffeur for a plumbing supplier. He was born in Massachusetts but his parents were from Ireland.
They have Mary C. who is 5 and attends school. At home are 3 6/12 year old Margaret and 10 month old John.
The family has two tenants each paying $45/month in rent - that must help toward the mortgage.
I did find an index in the Deaths in Massachusetts 1926-1930 for an Annie M. Hogan who died in Boston in 1926. The information is in volume 2 page 12, but I don't know if this is our Annie McSweeney. We will have to look it up in Boston as I could not find the information online.
I couldn't find a marriage certificate for the McLaughlins, so I looked back in the Cambridge Directories. The earliest listing for John and Julia McLaughlin was in the 1927 directory. John is a chauffeur, and they are living at 37 Royal Avenue.
In 1931 Ned, Francis, and Lena are listed in the Cambridge Directory. And is that a telephone - Uni 3909R?
And John J. and Julia McLaughlin are also listed. John is still working as chauffeur.
There are no online directories until 1937 when Ned is listed - he is still at 37 Royal Avenue and still working as a laborer. There is no entry for Francis or Lena.
John and Julia McLaughlin are also listed on Royal Avenue in 1937. John is still chauffeuring.
I did find a listing in Boston for P. Francis Hogan as an "instr manual training public schools" - house 14 Newport Street, Arlington. I wonder if this is our Francis because he was listed as teaching in a public school in the 1930 Census and as an instructor in 1931. But this is only a guess.
The next document I found was the 1940 U.S. Census taken April 13 by Francis McCaran.
Our family is still at 37 Royal Avenue in Cambridge. But John McLaughlin is listed as the head of the household. Beside his name it says that the house is owned, not rented, and is worth $8000. So did John McLaughlin buy it from Ned Hogan?
John is 44 years old and attended school through the 8th grade. The family lived in the same building in 1935. He worked 60 hours during the week March 24-31, 1940 - he is a general worker in a college. He worked 32 full time weeks in 1939 and made $554. he also made more than $50 in addition to his salary.
His wife Julia is 42 years old and she also only attended school through the 8th grade. She is engaged in house work but made no salary in 1939 although it says she made over $50 in income.
Daughter Mary McLaughlin is 15 years old and has completed 2 years of high school. It says she is engaged in housework.
Daughter Margaret is 13 years old, has completed 8 years of school, and is still in school.
There seems to be 2 apartments in the house. Paul Stella is paying $38 monthly rent. Paul is a 38 year old salesman for a lumber company. He worked 52 weeks in 1939 and made $300. His wife Christine is 37 and is a graduate nurse. She works on her own account (self-employed) and made more than $50 in income. They have a 7 year old son who is in school. Sister-in-law Elizabeth McKinnon is also a graduate nurse and works on her own.
The Lennox family is paying $32 monthly rent. William is a 42 year old steward in a college - I wonder if he works with John McLaughlin? Ivy Lennox is also 42 and seems to be a homemaker. Their children are attending school - Charlotte is 17, Herbert is 9, and Ruth is 6. The have a 28 year old lodger, but no information is listed for him except that he is single.
I suppose the extra income that John, Julia, and Ned made was the rent from the two apartments.
The Index to Deaths in Massachusetts 1941-1945 lists an Edward Hogan who died in 1942 - volume 31 page 106.
HISTORY
Cambridge, Massachusetts between 1850 and 1920 served as an enormously important center of industrial development, advancement, and progress (Cambridge Historical Commission, 1965; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1971; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1977). As one contemporaneous historian observed at the turn of century, “it is its factories, rather than its educational institutions, that render the city famous” (Stone, 1930, pg. 773). Although Cambridge was home to some industrial concerns prior the second half of the nineteenth century, rapid industrialization in the area did not begin until the period following the Civil War. Indeed, with advent and extension of railroad transportation, the growth of domestic markets, and the arrival of immigrants populations, Cambridge specifically and New England generally were primed for industrial expansion (Cambridge Historical Commission, 1965; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1971; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1977).
Cambridge was a particularly attractive location for industrial companies for several reasons. Most significantly, Cambridge was ideal on account of its close proximity and ease of access to Boston, which functioned as a nationally important center of commerce. Likewise, Cambridge was also particularly well-connected in terms of its modes of transportation. The city had both excellent docks and canals for ocean shipping, as well as access to multiple national rail networks. Finally, Cambridge was deemed especially suitable for industrial development because it was in possession of large tracts of undeveloped land, an available supply of cheap immigrant labor, and substantial amounts of available capital (Cambridge Historical Commission, 1965; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1971; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1977).
Throughout the second half the nineteenth century and early portion of the twentieth century, Cambridge saw the establishment of several significant industries. Included among these industries were publishing, rubber products, paper collars, fire hoses, pianos and organs, meatpacking, wires and cables, soaps, foundry products, asphalt, machine products, oils and lards, furniture, confectionary goods, and carriages and automobiles (Cambridge Chamber of Commerce, 1928). With the onset of World War I and the introduction of transportation advances – including the construction of a subway between Boston and Cambridge – Cambridge industrialization entered into a period of phenomenal growth (Cambridge Historical Commission, 1971; Cambridge Historical Commission, 1965; Cambridge Chamber of Commerce, 1928). During this phase, which lasted until the end of World War II, Cambridge not only saw a diversification in its industries, but also changes in the size and extent of these industries. By the 1920s, Cambridge was ranked second in Massachusetts and third in New England in terms of the total value of the goods manufactured (Cambridge Chamber of Commerce, 1928)."
The 1920 Census listed Julia Hogan as a shoemaker in a rubber factory - one of the many industries listed above.
I was thinking of Ned as the website continues -
http://www.cambridgehistory.org/discover/candy/overview.html
"fifty years ago in Cambridge, candy was king. Main Street was once affectionately called Confectioner’s Row, and the companies here made products that are still known and loved today: Junior Mints, Charleston Chews, Sugar Daddies, and NECCO wafers.
The area’s confectionery past begins way back in 1765 when an Irish immigrant named John Hannon established America’s first chocolate mill on the banks of the Neponset River in Dorchester. Soon after, candy companies started as roadside operations: the proximity of the chocolate mill, plus nearby sugar refineries and a large city population made the area ideal for the new industry. Soon, companies Royal, Cole, Haviland and Liberty made chocolate in Boston, and to the east in Charlestown was the boxed-chocolate giant Schrafft’s.
Then, with the introduction of the steam engine, local companies began producing the first candy-making machines. In 1847, Oliver R. Chase made a lozenge cutting machine and began to produce the wafers later known as NECCOs. Successful confectioners soon outgrew their Boston factories and decided to expand production in Cambridge, where more land could be bought for less money.
For the next 100 years, Cambridge was a major industrial center and candy making was one of its largest industries. In 1910 there were 16 confectionery manufacturers listed in the city, by 1920 the number was 30, and by 1930 there were more than 40. At its peak in 1946 there were 66 candy manufacturing companies listed in the city’s directory.
The beginning of the end for Cambridge candy came with the rise of the big national candy conglomerates, namely Hershey’s, Nestle and Mars. These companies understood that distribution had changed. You had to get involved with the big chains, and you had to be more centrally located, where you could ship everywhere. Success in the industry became less about who was producing the best candy and more about who could get to market first. Independent confectioners were hard pressed to match the conglomerates’ distribution levels, national marketing efforts, and slotting fees, which is the price companies pay to have their candies front and center of the register at the grocery store."
By 1921 the family has moved to 37 Royal Avenue, and the whole family is listed in the Cambridge Directory. They seem to be in the same jobs.
According to the Cambridge Historical Commision, 37 Royal Avenue is a 3 storey triple decker built in 1904 - James F. Reilly was listed as builder and owner. In 1930 Ned pulled a permit to build a garage.
Here is a photo of the 2 family house at 31-33 Royal Avenue - there is no #35 - so I wonder if that is Ned's triple decker on the right?
The whole family is listed in 1923 again. Edward (Annie) is a laborer, Francis is a printer, Julia is a rubber worker, and Lena is a stenographer.
But 1925 only lists Edward - Annie and the children are not included. What happened to them? There is no directory for 1924 online. I'll have to check at the Cambridge Public Library.
The 1930 U.S. Census shows us that the Hogans have saved and bought their home at 37 Royal Avenue. Maybe they had bought it when they moved in 1921. Ned is 62 and still working at the sugar refinery. The house is worth $8000, and they are well enough off to have a radio. Ned has become a United States citizen. He is also a widower - so Annie must have died about 1924-1925 when she was not listed in the Cambridge Directory.
Francis or Patrick F. is single and is teaching in a public school.
28 year old Lena is still a stenographer - looks like in a (?) purchasing or plumbing office. She and Francis are both single.
And look - Julia has married John McLaughlin - he is a 34 year old chauffeur for a plumbing supplier. He was born in Massachusetts but his parents were from Ireland.
They have Mary C. who is 5 and attends school. At home are 3 6/12 year old Margaret and 10 month old John.
The family has two tenants each paying $45/month in rent - that must help toward the mortgage.
I did find an index in the Deaths in Massachusetts 1926-1930 for an Annie M. Hogan who died in Boston in 1926. The information is in volume 2 page 12, but I don't know if this is our Annie McSweeney. We will have to look it up in Boston as I could not find the information online.
I couldn't find a marriage certificate for the McLaughlins, so I looked back in the Cambridge Directories. The earliest listing for John and Julia McLaughlin was in the 1927 directory. John is a chauffeur, and they are living at 37 Royal Avenue.
In 1931 Ned, Francis, and Lena are listed in the Cambridge Directory. And is that a telephone - Uni 3909R?
And John J. and Julia McLaughlin are also listed. John is still working as chauffeur.
There are no online directories until 1937 when Ned is listed - he is still at 37 Royal Avenue and still working as a laborer. There is no entry for Francis or Lena.
John and Julia McLaughlin are also listed on Royal Avenue in 1937. John is still chauffeuring.
I did find a listing in Boston for P. Francis Hogan as an "instr manual training public schools" - house 14 Newport Street, Arlington. I wonder if this is our Francis because he was listed as teaching in a public school in the 1930 Census and as an instructor in 1931. But this is only a guess.
The next document I found was the 1940 U.S. Census taken April 13 by Francis McCaran.
Our family is still at 37 Royal Avenue in Cambridge. But John McLaughlin is listed as the head of the household. Beside his name it says that the house is owned, not rented, and is worth $8000. So did John McLaughlin buy it from Ned Hogan?
John is 44 years old and attended school through the 8th grade. The family lived in the same building in 1935. He worked 60 hours during the week March 24-31, 1940 - he is a general worker in a college. He worked 32 full time weeks in 1939 and made $554. he also made more than $50 in addition to his salary.
His wife Julia is 42 years old and she also only attended school through the 8th grade. She is engaged in house work but made no salary in 1939 although it says she made over $50 in income.
Daughter Mary McLaughlin is 15 years old and has completed 2 years of high school. It says she is engaged in housework.
Daughter Margaret is 13 years old, has completed 8 years of school, and is still in school.
Young John McLaughlin is 10 years old and has completed 4 years of school - his brother James is 5 and may be in his first year of school.
74 year old Ned is listed as the father-in-law. He completed 6 years of school. Most interesting is that he is listed as an alien - he has not obtained American citizenship. He is not able to work but has received over $50 in income but no salary. The column that says the building is owned and worth $8000 was carried over to the second page. I'm still not clear if Ned or John McLaughlin or both own the house.
Sister-in-law Lena V Hogan is 39 years old. She finished 4 years of high school and is a secretary in a printing company. She worked 52 weeks in 1939 and made $1040. She did NOT have an income over $50 other than her salary.
There seems to be 2 apartments in the house. Paul Stella is paying $38 monthly rent. Paul is a 38 year old salesman for a lumber company. He worked 52 weeks in 1939 and made $300. His wife Christine is 37 and is a graduate nurse. She works on her own account (self-employed) and made more than $50 in income. They have a 7 year old son who is in school. Sister-in-law Elizabeth McKinnon is also a graduate nurse and works on her own.
The Lennox family is paying $32 monthly rent. William is a 42 year old steward in a college - I wonder if he works with John McLaughlin? Ivy Lennox is also 42 and seems to be a homemaker. Their children are attending school - Charlotte is 17, Herbert is 9, and Ruth is 6. The have a 28 year old lodger, but no information is listed for him except that he is single.
I suppose the extra income that John, Julia, and Ned made was the rent from the two apartments.
The Index to Deaths in Massachusetts 1941-1945 lists an Edward Hogan who died in 1942 - volume 31 page 106.
I have a notation that Ned died 22 February 1942 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, but I can't remember where I learned this.
There is one last listing in the Cambridge Directory for 1944. John McLaughlin and Julia are still on 37 Jefferson Avenue, but John is now a porter at HU which I presume is Harvard University.
There is one last listing in the Cambridge Directory for 1944. John McLaughlin and Julia are still on 37 Jefferson Avenue, but John is now a porter at HU which I presume is Harvard University.
And Lena V. Hogan is still living on Royal Avenue and working as an office secretary.
I found a notation on www.ancestry.com that Lena V. Hogan died Christmas Day - December 25, 1982 in Cambridge but there was no record to view.
So I don't know what happened to Francis. I did find that Patrick F Hogan living in Arlington at 14 Newport Street. This cold be our Francis as you will see. He owns the house - it is worth $8500 and he still has a mortgage. He is 41 years old, finished high school, and lived in the same house in 1935. He is a school teacher - and he teaches printing! See why I think this is our Francis? Looks like he worked all year in 1939 and made $2670 with no other income.
His wife Margaret is 34 years old and also finished high school. They have 3 children - 7 year old Edward, 6 year old Ann M, and 3 year old baby Paul.
And that is the research thus far on this branch of our family. I know some of the McLaughlins came to our Keohane and Pierce Family Reunions.
In summary, here is that chart again. We'll take a look at Ned's sister Ellen Hogan in the next chapter.
Charles Pierce = Mary Leary Edmond Hogan = Betty Collins
| |
(1) | | (1)
| |
(1) | | (1)
Patrick Cooney = Ellen Pierce = Patrick Hogan = Julia Coughlan
| |
Patrick Cooney Ellen Hogan and Edward Hogan
marries
Annie McSweeney
|
Patrick Francis Hogan
|
Lena V Hogan
|
John McLaughlin = Julia Hogan
|
Mary - Margaret - John - James
marries
Annie McSweeney
|
Patrick Francis Hogan
|
Lena V Hogan
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John McLaughlin = Julia Hogan
|
Mary - Margaret - John - James
